Page 335 - Annual Report 2020

6.8 Glossary

6.8.1 Mining, oil and gas-related terms Strategic Report
2D Crude oil
Two dimensional. A mixture of hydrocarbons that exist in liquid form in natural
3D underground reservoirs, and remain liquid at atmospheric
pressure after being produced at the well head and passing
Three dimensional. through surface separating facilities.
AIG Cut-off grade
The Australian Institute of Geoscientists. A nominated grade above which an Ore Reserve or Mineral Resource
Anthracite is defined. For example, the lowest grade of mineralised material
Coal of high rank with the highest carbon content. that qualifies as economic for estimating an Ore Reserve. Governance at BHP
APEGS Dated Brent
Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists A benchmark price assessment as of a specified date of the spot
of Saskatchewan. market value of physical cargoes of North Sea light sweet crude oil.
AusIMM Electrowinning/electrowon
The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. An electrochemical process in which metal is recovered by
dissolving a metal within an electrolyte and plating it onto
Beneficiation an electrode.
The process of physically separating ore from waste material Energy coal
prior to subsequent processing of the improved ore. Used as a fuel source in electrical power generation, cement
Bituminous manufacture and various industrial applications. Energy coal Remuneration Report
Coal of intermediate rank with relatively high carbon content. may also be referred to as steaming or thermal coal.
Brownfield Ethane
The development or exploration located inside the area A component of natural gas. Where sold separately, is largely ethane
of influence of existing mine operations which can share gas that has been liquefied through pressurisation. One tonne
infrastructure/management. of ethane is approximately equivalent to 28,000 cubic feet of gas.
Butane FAusIMM
A component of natural gas. Where sold separately, is largely butane Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
gas that has been liquefied through pressurisation. One tonne Field
of butane is approximately equivalent to 14,000 cubic feet of gas. An area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all Directors’ Report
Coal Reserves grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural
Equivalent to Ore Reserves, but specifically concerning coal. feature and/or stratigraphic condition. There may be two or more
Coal Resources reservoirs in a field that are separated vertically by intervening
impervious strata, or laterally by local geologic barriers, or by both.
Equivalent to Mineral Resources, but specifically concerning coal. Reservoirs that are associated by being in overlapping or adjacent
Coking coal fields may be treated as a single or common operational field.
Used in the manufacture of coke, which is used in the steelmaking The geological terms ‘structural feature’ and ‘stratigraphic
process by virtue of its carbonisation properties. Coking coal may condition’ are intended to identify localised geological features
also be referred to as metallurgical coal. as opposed to the broader terms of basins, trends, provinces,
Competent Person plays, areas-of-interest, etc. (per SEC Regulation S-X, Rule 4-10). Financial Statements
A minerals industry professional who is a Member or Fellow Flotation
of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, or of the A method of selectively recovering minerals from finely ground ore
Australian Institute of Geoscientists, or of a ‘Recognised Professional using a froth created in water by specific reagents. In the flotation
Organisation’ (RPO), as included in a list available on the JORC and process, certain mineral particles are induced to float by becoming
ASX websites. These organisations have enforceable disciplinary attached to bubbles of froth and the unwanted mineral particles sink.
processes, including the powers to suspend or expel a member.
A Competent Person must have a minimum of five years’ relevant Fly ash 6
experience in the style of mineralisation or type of deposit under The finer particle fraction of coal ash.
consideration and in the activity that the person is undertaking FPSO (Floating production, storage and off-take)
(JORC Code, 2012 Edition). A floating vessel used by the offshore oil and gas industry for
Condensate the processing of hydrocarbons and for storage of oil. An FPSO
A mixture of hydrocarbons that exist in gaseous form in natural vessel is designed to receive hydrocarbons produced from nearby Additional information
underground reservoirs, but which condense to form a liquid platforms or subsea templates, process them and store oil until it
at atmospheric conditions. can be offloaded onto a tanker.
Conventional Petroleum Resources Grade or Quality
Hydrocarbon accumulations that can be produced by a well Any physical or chemical measurement of the characteristics
drilled into a geologic formation in which the reservoir and fluid of the material of interest in samples or product.
characteristics permit the hydrocarbons to readily flow to the Greenfield
wellbore without the use of specialised extraction technologies. The development or exploration located outside the area
Copper cathode of influence of existing mine operations/infrastructure. Shareholder information
Electrolytically refined copper that has been deposited on the
cathode of an electrolytic bath of acidified copper sulphate
solution. The refined copper may also be produced through
leaching and electrowinning.

BHP Annual Report 2020 333